Table 2 Univariate analysis for the associations of anxiety and depression with COVID-19-related domains across countries

Knowledge (K)

 Q1 (K < 3.66)

ref

ref

ref

 Q2 (3.66 ≦ K < 3.88)

0.90

[0.51, 1.57]

0.49

[0.33, 0.75]†

1.31

[0.89, 1.92]

 Q3 (3.88 ≦ K < 4.22)

0.96

[0.59, 1.55]

0.36

[0.25, 0.52]†

1.36

[0.93, 1.98]

 Q4 (K ≧ 4.22)

0.48

[0.13, 1.77]

0.21

[0.15, 0.31]†

1.44

[0.99, 2.09]

Attitudes (A)

 Q1 (A < 3.83)

ref

ref

ref

 Q2 (3.83 ≦ A < 4.16)

0.97

[0.59, 1.60]

0.58

[0.41, 0.82]†

0.71

[0.50, 1.02]

 Q3 (4.16 ≦ A < 4.5)

0.70

[0.38, 1.29]

0.34

[0.25, 0.48]†

0.74

[0.51, 1.07]

 Q4 (A ≧ 4.5)

0.89

[0.48, 1.65]

0.25

[0.18, 0.35]†

0.77

[0.54, 1.11]

Practices (P)

 Q1 (B < 3.7)

ref

ref

ref

 Q2 (3.7 ≦ P < 4.1)

1.23

[0.65, 2.31]

0.92

[0.68, 1.25]

0.86

[0.59, 1.24]

 Q3 (4.1 ≦ P < 4.5)

0.82

[0.44, 1.54]

0.65

[0.48, 0.88]†

0.97

[0.69, 1.36]

 Q4 (P ≧ 4.5)

0.57

[0.32, 1.03]

0.76

[0.58, 1.01]

1.03

[0.72, 1.49]

Working conditions (W)

 Q1 (W < 3.5)

ref

ref

ref

 Q2 (3.5 ≦ W < 3.9)

2.16

[1.20, 3.87]†

0.98

[0.66, 1.46]

1.14

[0.84, 1.55]

 Q3 (3.9 ≦ W < 4.3)

1.81

[1.01, 3.24]*

0.66

[0.45, 0.95]*

1.10

[0.79, 1.52]

 Q4 (W ≧ 4.3)

2.10

[1.17, 3.78]*

0.63

[0.45, 0.90]*

1.19

[0.81, 1.74]

Changes in work and daily routines (C)

 Q1 (C < 2.3)

ref

ref

ref

 Q2 (2.3 ≦ C < 3.0)

2.44

[0.86, 6.92]

1.50

[1.14, 2.02]†

2.79

[1.81, 4.31]†

 Q3 (3.0 ≦ C < 3.5)

3.60

[1.34, 9.62]*

2.98

[2.19, 4.07]†

3.39

[2.19, 5.24]†

 Q4 (C ≧ 3.5)

4.53

[1.84, 11.12]†

3.05

[2.27, 4.09]†

5.00

[3.14, 7.97]†