Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of all subjects (n = 678)

Age

39.98 ± 13.91

39.26 ± 13.61

40.61 ± 14.16

-1.265^a

0.206

-

Education

 College and above

274(40.4%)

117(36.9%)

157(43.5%)

3.036^b

0.085

-

 Others

404(59.6%)

200(63.1%)

204(56.5%)

Marital Status

 Married

445(65.6%)

199(62.8%)

246(68.1%)

2.156^b

0.146

-

 Others

233(34.4%)

118(37.2%)

115(31.9%)

Dwelling State

 Alone

89(13.1%)

49(15.5%)

40(11.1%)

2.836^b

0.110

-

 Others

589(86.9%)

268(84.5%)

321(88.9%)

Presence of work pressure

 Yes

288(42.5%)

144(45.4%)

144(39.9%)

2.118^b

0.161

-

 No

390(57.5%)

173(54.6%)

217(60.1%)

Sleep disturbance:

 Yes

188(27.7%)

94(29.7%)

94(26.0%)

1.100^b

0.303

-

 No

490(72.3%)

223(70.3%)

267(74.0%)

DARS total Score

47.87 ± 16.11

45.97 ± 16.64

49.55 ± 15.45

-2.904^a

0.004

B<C^△

Based on type of reward:

 Pastimes/Hobbies

11.28 ± 4.36

10.85 ± 4.24

11.66 ± 4.28

-2.421^a

0.016

B<C^△

 Food/Drink

10.95 ± 4.17

10.47 ± 4.36

11.36 ± 3.94

-2.770^a

0.006

B<C^△

 Social activities

11.43 ± 4.28

11.01 ± 4.47

11.80 ± 4.07

-2.385^a

0.017

B<C^△

 Sensory Experience

14.21 ± 5.27

13.63 ± 5.37

14.72 ± 5.14

-2.706^a

0.007

B<C^△

Based on components of reward processing:

 Consummatory

11.43 ± 3.86

10.95 ± 3.96

11.86 ± 3.74

-3.076^a

0.002

B<C^△

 Effort

11.05 ± 3.88

10.62 ± 4.02

11.43 ± 3.71

-2.730^a

0.006

B<C^△

 Desire

17.20 ± 5.78

16.55 ± 5.94

17.78 ± 5.58

-2.778^a

0.006

B<C^△

 Motivation

8.18 ± 3.11

7.85 ± 3.25

8.48 ± 2.95

-2.630^a

0.009

B<C^△

SHAPS total Score

24.58 ± 7.67

25.59 ± 7.78

23.70 ± 7.48

-3.651^c

< 0.001

B>C^△

PHQ-9 total Score

5.11 ± 4.71

5.44 ± 5.15

4.82 ± 4.27

-0.996^c

0.319

-

GAD-7 total Score

3.36 ± 3.97

3.76 ± 4.38

3.00 ± 3.55

-1.706^c

0.088

-