Table 3 Bivariate comparison of young fathers experiencing homelessness with and without their children present
Variables | Fathers Separated from Child(ren) (N = 138) n (%) | Fathers Not Separated from Child(ren) (N = 42) n (%) | X2or t (df) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
 Age, Mean (SD) | 20.8 (2.075) | 20.9 (1.895) | t = .271 | .787 |
Race/Ethnicity | ||||
 African American | 56 (40.6) | 16 (38.1) | X2 = 4.410 (4) | .353 |
 White | 33 (23.9) | 8 (19) |  |  |
 Latino/a | 15 (10.9) | 4 (9.5) |  |  |
 Mixed Race | 21 (15.2) | 12 (28.6) |  |  |
 Other | 13 (9.4) | 2 (4.8) |  |  |
Highest education level | ||||
 At least high school diploma/GED | 101 (73.2) | 25 (59.5) | X2 = 2.863 (1) | .123 |
 Less than high school education | 37 (26.8) | 17 (40.5) |  |  |
 Age first homeless, Mean (SD) | 17.05 (3.760) | 18 (3.557) | t = 1.437 | .153 |
Lifetime homelessness duration | ||||
 2 years or greater | 43 (31.2) | 10 (23.8) | X2 = .837 (1) | .441 |
 Less than 2 years | 95 (68.8) | 32 (76,2) |  |  |
Current housing | ||||
 Shelter or transitional housing | 61 (44.5) | 13 (31.7) | X2 = 2.218 (2) | .330 |
 On the streets | 43 (31.4) | 15 (36.6) |  |  |
 Unstable housing | 33 (24.1) | 13 (31.7) |  |  |
Risk Indicators | ||||
 Foster care history | 75 (54.3) | 17 (40.5) | X2 = 2.480 (1) | .158 |
 Criminal justice involvement | 100 (72.5) | 23 (54.8) | X2 = 4.663(1) | .038 |
 Victim of IPV | 60 (43.8) | 18 (42.9) | X2 = .021 (1) | 1.000 |
Current substance use | ||||
 Cigarettes | 96 (69.6) | 18 (42.9) | X2 = 9.891(1) | .003 |
 Marijuana | 89 (64.5) | 25 (61.0) | X2 = .169 (1) | .714 |
 Hard drugs | 43 (32.1) | 15 (36.6) | X2 = .286 (1) | .705 |
 Heavy drinking | 48 (35.3) | 16 (39) | X2 = .190 (1) | .712 |
Has social support | ||||
 Any support | 106 (80.3) | 33 (84.6) | X2 = .368 (1) | .645 |
 Someone to go to for advice | 94 (71.2) | 29 (74.4) | X2 = .148 (1) | .840 |
 Someone to go to for information | 67 (50.8) | 29 (74.4) | X2 = 6.810(1) | .010 |
 Someone to go to for money | 74 (56.1) | 28 (71.8) | X2 = 3.097 | .095 |
Mental Health Indicators | ||||
 PTSD | 60 (43.5) | 12 (30.8) | X2 = 2.035 (1) | .197 |
 Depression, Mean score (SD) | 10.87 (8.878) | 9.37 (7.621) | t = -.950 | .343 |
 Perceived Stress, Mean score (SD) | 6.74 (3.867) | 5.73 (3.686) | t = -1.532 | .127 |
 Psychological Distress, Mean (SD) | 10.77 (8.079) | 10.41 (8.271) | t = -.247 | .806 |