Table 10 Testing for structural invariance across gender and grade
Variables | Model Constraints | χ 2/df | P | CFI | △CFI | TLI | △TLI | SRMR | RMSEA (90%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Unconstrained | 2.418 | - | 0.980 | - | 0.973 | - | 0.027 | 0.031 (0.025–0.036) |
Measurement weights | 2.321 | 0.299 | 0.980 | 0.000 | 0.975 | + 0.002 | 0.029 | 0.030 (0.024–0.035) | |
Structural weights | 2.309 | 0.291 | 0.980 | 0.000 | 0.975 | + 0.002 | 0.029 | 0.029 (0.024–0.035) | |
Structural covariances | 2.324 | 0.150 | 0.979 | -0.001 | 0.975 | + 0.002 | 0.034 | 0.030 (0.024–0.035) | |
Structural residuals | 2.264 | 0.258 | 0.980 | 0.000 | 0.976 | + 0.003 | 0.034 | 0.029 (0.024–0.034) | |
Grade | Unconstrained | 1.474 | - | 0.984 | - | 0.977 | - | 0.035 | 0.018 (0.013–0.022) |
Measurement weights | 1.382 | 0.819 | 0.985 | + 0.001 | 0.981 | + 0.004 | 0.038 | 0.016 (0.011–0.020) | |
Structural weights | 1.384 | 0.368 | 0.983 | -0.001 | 0.981 | + 0.004 | 0.049 | 0.016 (0.012–0.020) | |
Structural covariances | 1.367 | 0.469 | 0.984 | 0.000 | 0.982 | + 0.005 | 0.050 | 0.016 (0.011–0.020) | |
Structural residuals | 1.351 | 0.461 | 0.984 | 0.000 | 0.983 | + 0.006 | 0.052 | 0.015 (0.011–0.019) |