Table 4 Results of independent-samples t-Test for psychological resilience dimensions (N = 258)

Variable

Items

N

Personal strength

Family cohesion

Social resources

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Gender

Male

53

27.96

6.94

−1.24

0.22

0.19

36.15

7.63

−1.44

0.15

0.22

42.06

8.40

−1.87

0.07

0.32

Female

205

29.15

5.97

37.81

7.37

44.41

7.14

Age

Under 22

109

28.41

5.61

−1.12

0.27

0.14

37.98

7.20

0.95

0.34

0.12

43.73

7.60

−0.35

0.72

0.05

Over 22

149

29.26

6.57

37.09

7.61

44.07

7.38

LTC work experience

Y

65

30.25

6.53

2.04

0.04

0.29

37.52

8.45

0.07

0.94

0.01

44.72

7.65

1.00

0.32

0.14

N

193

28.45

6.01

37.45

7.09

43.66

7.40

Non-LTC work experience

Y

173

29.49

6.40

2.28

0.02

0.29

37.54

7.47

0.22

0.82

0.03

44.39

7.50

1.44

0.15

0.19

N

85

27.72

5.58

37.32

7.42

42.98

7.34

Campus-club activities

Y

124

29.85

5.80

2.38

0.02

0.30

38.23

7.91

1.58

0.11

0.16

44.81

7.47

1.83

0.07

0.23

N

134

28.03

6.42

36.76

6.94

43.11

7.39

Campus-club leadership

Y

74

30.64

6.21

2.89

0.01

0.40

38.66

7.68

1.64

0.10

0.23

45.72

7.42

2.47

0.01

0.34

N

184

28.20

6.05

36.98

7.31

43.21

7.37

Variable

Items

N

Social skills

Future organizational style

Total psychological resilience score

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Mean

SD

t

p

d

Gender

Male

53

19.43

4.92

−0.68

0.50

0.11

18.87

5.45

−0.12

0.91

0.02

144.47

25.40

−1.58

0.12

0.24

Female

205

19.95

4.86

18.96

4.70

150.26

23.32

Age

Under 22

109

19.77

4.94

−0.20

0.84

0.03

18.31

4.09

−1.85

0.07

0.23

148.21

22.16

−0.50

0.62

0.06

Over 22

149

19.89

4.82

19.40

5.32

149.70

25.03

LTC work experience

Y

65

20.85

4.55

1.94

0.05

0.28

20.33

5.08

2.72

0.01

0.39

153.68

24.80

1.81

0.07

0.26

N

193

19.50

4.93

18.47

4.70

147.52

23.35

Non-LTC work experience

Y

173

20.16

4.94

1.49

0.14

0.20

19.50

4.91

2.70

0.01

0.27

151.08

24.14

1.94

0.05

0.26

N

85

19.20

4.67

17.79

4.57

145.00

22.77

Campus-club activities

Y

124

20.82

4.72

3.15

0.01

0.39

19.59

4.39

2.08

0.04

0.26

153.28

24.01

2.76

0.01

0.34

N

134

18.94

4.84

18.34

5.20

145.18

23.06

Campus-club leadership

Y

74

21.92

4.26

4.51

0.01

0.62

19.70

4.54

1.61

0.11

0.22

156.64

24.41

3.29

0.01

0.45

N

184

19.00

4.85

18.63

4.96

146.03

22.96