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Table 4 Number and percentage of treatment-completing participants with reliable change on parenting and child variables in the PCIT-T, COS-P and WL groups at T2

From: Optimizing parenting and child outcomes following parent–child interaction therapy – toddler: a randomized controlled trial

 

PCIT-T

COS-P

Waitlist

   

Measure

Total N

Improved

n (%)

No change

n (%)

Deteriorated n (%)

Total N

Improved

n (%)

No change

n (%)

Deteriorated n (%)

Total N

Improved

n (%)

No change

n (%)

Deteriorated n (%)

DPICS – LP

22

22 (100)

0 (0)

0 (0)

12

4 (33.33)

8 (66.67)

0 (0)

26

6 (23.08)

20 (76.92)

0 (0)

DPICS – NTA

22

9 (40.90)

7 (31.81)

6 (27.27)

12

0 (0)

4 (33.33)

8 (66.67)

26

3 (11.54)

11 (42.31)

12 (46.15)

NICHD-Sensitivity

19

14 (73.68)

3 (15.79)

2 (10.53)

10

4 (40.00)

4 (40.00)

2 (20.00)

18

7 (38.89)

5 (27.78)

6 (33.33)

MM-appropriate

23

11 (47.83)

5 (21.74)

7 (30.43)

12

8 (66.67)

3 (25.00)

1 (8.33)

26

9 (34.62)

11 (42.30)

6 (23.07)

MM-non-attuned

23

16 (69.57)

4 (17.40)

3 (13.04)

12

5 (41.67)

1 (8.33)

6 (50.00)

26

6 (23.08)

5 (19.23)

15 (57.69)

DRFS

22

13 (59.09)

9 (40.09)

0 (0.00)

13

5 (38.46)

2 (15.38)

6 (46.15)

20

7 (35.00)

10 (50.00)

3 (15.00)

TOPSE-Empathy

23

14 (60.87)

4 (17.39)

5 (21.74)

13

6 (46.15)

1 (7.69)

5 (38.46)

21

10 (47.62)

7 (33.33)

4 (21.05)

TOPSE-Emotion

23

11 (47.83)

9 (39.13)

3 (13.04)

13

3 (23.08)

5 (38.46)

5 (38.46)

21

6 (28.57)

7 (33.33)

8 (38.10)

DERS

23

7 (30.43)

9 (23.13)

7 (30.43)

13

5 (38.46)

5 (38.46)

3 (23.08)

21

4 (19.05)

5 (23.81)

12 (57.14)

CHQ-mother helpless

22

4 (18.18)

7 (31.82)

11 (50.00)

13

4 (30.77)

2 (15.38)

7 (53.85)

20

4 (20.00)

7 (35.00)

9 (45.00)

LSAC- hostility

23

8 (43.78)

6 (26.09)

9 (23.13)

13

7 (53.85)

3 (23.08)

2 (15.38)

21

8 (38.10)

4 (19.05)

3 (14.29)

BCAP

22

9 (40.91)

8 (36.36)

5 (22.72)

11

3 (27.27)

4 (36.36)

4 (36.36)

17

10 (58.82)

5 (29.41)

2 (11.76)

PSI-SF

15

8 (53.33)

5 (33.33)

2 (13.33)

8

6 (75.00)

1 (12.50)

1 (12.50)

14

6 (42.86)

4 (28.57)

4 (28.57)

DECA-attachment

22

8 (36.36)

6 (27.27)

6 (27.27)

11

2 (18.18)

5 (45.45)

4 (36.36)

26

4 (15.38)

12 (46.15)

10 (38.46)

DECA-initiative

24

13 (54.17)

5 (20.83)

6 (25.00)

12

6 (50.00)

1 (8.33)

5 (41.67)

26

4 (15.38)

10 (38.46)

12 (46.15)

DECA-self-regulation

15

6 (40.00)

4 (26.67)

5 (33.33)

7

4 (57.14)

0 (0.00)

3 (42.86)

19

3 (15.79)

8 (42.11)

8 (42.11)

BITSEA-competence

24

14 (58.33)

5 (20.83)

5 (33.33)

13

6 (46.16)

1 (7.69)

6 (46.16)

20

8 (40.00)

6 (30.00)

6 (30.00)

AQS security

16

9 (56.25)

4 (25.00)

3 (18.75)

13

3 (23.08)

5 (38.46)

5 (38.46)

17

7 (41.18)

8 (47.06)

2 (11.76)

CBCL-externalizing

23

16 (69.56)

4 (17.39)

3 (13.04)

13

5 (38.46)

4 (30.77)

4 (30.77)

21

12 (57.14)

7 (33.33)

2 (9.52)

CBCL-internalizing

23

13 (56.52)

6 (26.09)

4 (17.39)

13

5 (38.46)

5 (38.46)

3 (23.07)

21

10 (47.62)

7 (33.33)

3 (14.29)

BITSEA-problem

24

16 (66.67)

4 (16.67)

4 (16.67)

13

5 (38.46)

2 (15.38)

6 (46.16)

20

10 (50.00)

5 (25.00)

5 (25.00)

DPICS – child compliance

21

21 (100.00)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

12

12 (100.00)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

24

24 (100.00)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

  1. DPICS-LP Dyadic Parent Child Interaction Coding System – labelled praise, DPICS-NTA Dyadic Parent Child Interaction Coding System – Negative talk, NICHD-Sensitivity NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development: Sensitivity Scales, MM-appropriate Mind-mindedness coding scheme – appropriate comments, MM-non-attuned Mind-mindedness coding scheme – non-attuned comments, DRFS Diamond’s Reflective Functioning Scale, TOPSE-Empathy Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy Empathy scale, TOPSE-emotion Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy Emotion scale, DERS Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, CHQ-mother helpless Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire mother helpless scale, LSAC-hostility Longitudinal Study of Australian Children—Parenting Hostility scale, BCAP Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory, PSI-SF Parenting Stress Index–Short Form, DECA Devereux Early Childhood Assessment, BITSEA Brief Infant–Toddler Social Emotional Assessment, AQS Attachment Q-Set, CBCL Child Behavior Checklist, DPICS Dyadic Parent Child Interaction Coding System
  2. Reliable change was determined on the basis of reliable change index (RCI) scores calculated for pre- to post-treatment change and was considered a statistically significant improvement when greater than 1.96 and statistically significant deterioration when less than − 1.96. RCI for emotion regulation maturity not calculated due to small ns at T2. a Some missing data due to video-tape issues or participants not completing full questionnaires
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BMC Psychology

ISSN: 2050-7283

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