Table 3 Mean (SD) scores for child outcomes by group, clinical significance of change in scores between Time 1 and Time 2, and Time 1 and Time 3 assessments by group (Cohen’s d effect sizes) and between-group differences at Time 1, Time 2 and Time 3
Measures | PCIT-T (n = 30) | COS-P (n = 28) | Waitlist (n = 26) | T1 diff | T2 diff | T3 diff | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Measures | T1 M (SD) | T2 M (SD) | T3 M (SD) | T1 T2 p, ES (d/OR) | T1 T3 p, ES (d/OR) | T1 M (SD) | T2 M (SD) | T3 M (SD) | T1 T2 p, ES (d/OR) | T1 T3 p, ES (d/OR) | T1 M (SD) | T2 M (SD) | T1 T2 p, ES (d/OR) | p | p | p |
Social-emotional functioning | DECA-attachment | 37.70 (6.99) | 39.14 (8.82) | 36.89 (7.50) | p > 0.99 d = 0.16 | p > 0.99 d = −0.22 | 42.04 (7.42) | 37.45 (7.88) | 39.40 (9.50) | p > 0.42 d = −0.51 | p > 0.99 d = −0.45 | 43.57 (8.94) | 39.66 (9.04) | p = 0.10 d = −0.52 | No | No | No |
DECA-initiative | 43.40 (9.09) | 45.46 (11.00) | 43.74 (9.21) | p > 0.99 d = 0.15 | p > 0.99 d = −0.09 | 44.59 (10.44) | 44.69 (11.74) | 46.69 (11.74) | p > 0.99 d = 0.03 | p > 0.99 d = 0.25 | 46.77 (11.27) | 41.69 (11.24) | p = 0.06 d = −0.47 | No | No | No | |
DECA-self-regulation | 39.65 (8.02) | 41.85 (11.24) | 40.47 (8.64) | p > 0.99 d = 0.22 | p > 0.99 d = 0.02 | 36.74 (6.43) | 37.82 (11.50) | 35.40 (7.07) | p > 0.99 d = 0.09 | p > 0.99 d = −0.12 | 43.14 (8.16) | 39.31 (10.56) | p = 0.36 d = −0.49 | No | No | No | |
BITSEA-competence | 14.55 (3.87) | 16.67 (3.64) | 16.28 (4.53) | p = 0.002* d = 0.48 | p = 0.036* d = 0.39 | 15.93 (2.88) | 15.92 (2.66) | 17.00 (2.74) | p > 0.99 d = 0.05 | p = 0.85 d = 0.29 | 15.50 (3.55) | 15.43 (3.50) | p > 0.99 d = 0.07 | No | No | No | |
Emotional regulation maturity | 17.77 (3.06) | 19.00 (6.71) | 14.43 (0.79) | p > 0.99 d = 0.46 | p = 0.23 d = −1.25 | 16.08 (2.15) | 16.33 (5.13) | 19.00 (1.73) | p > 0.99 d = 0.09 | p = 0.78 d = 1.00 | 15.39 (3.73) | 16.46 (4.32) | p > 0.99 d = 0.40 | No | No | No | |
Attachment security | AQS security | 0.13 (0.44) | 0.34 (0.35) | 0.31 (0.14) | p = 0.10 d = 0.51 | p = 0.35 d = 0.43 | 0.04 (0.40) | 0.07 (0.31) | 0.35 (0.18) | p > 0.99 d = 0.02 | p = 0.35 d = 0.70 | 0.15 (0.42) | 0.20 (0.38) | p > 0.99 d = 0.16 | No | No (trend, PCIT-T > COS-P; p = .09) | No |
SSP Securitya | 62.1 | - | 40.0 | - | p = 0.17 OR = 0.39 | 34.5 | - | 25.0 | - | p = 0.76 OR = 0.68 | - | - | - | No | No | No | |
SSP Disorganization | 65.5 | - | 40.0 | - | p = 0.12 OR = 0.31 | 44.8 | - | 25.0 | - | p = 0.59 OR = 0.48 | - | - | - | No | No | No | |
Behavioral problems | CBCL-externalizing | 20.10 (10.50) | 13.01 (8.41) | 14.26 (9.89) | p < 0.001** d = −0.61 | p = .009* d = −0.51 | 24.10 (8.67) | 19.40 (9.96) | 15.60 (3.51) | p = 0.02* d = −0.56 | p = 0.20 d = −0.55 | 19.76 (9.45) | 18.10 (8.83) | p = 0.13 d = −0.33 | No | No | No |
CBCL-internalizing | 12.59 (9.07) | 7.74 (7.10) | 9.52 (7.47) | p = .002* d = −0.48 | p = 0.07 d = −0.34 | 14.84 (8.61) | 13.31 (10.58) | 9.20 (8.14) | p = 0.34 d = −0.29 | p = 0.20 d = 0.50 | 11.38 (6.32) | 11.00 (8.42) | p = 0.78 d = −0.16 | No | No | No | |
BITSEA-problem | 17.21 (8.83) | 11.96 (7.57) | 10.89 (10.03) | p < 0.001* d = −0.64 | p < 0.001* d = −0.78 | 18.30 (8.00) | 18.46 (10.46) | 15.20 (8.04) | p > 0.99 d = −0.12 | p = 0.61 d = −0.37 | 15.62 (6.71) | 15.57 (9.60) | p > 0.99 d = −0.09 | No | No | No | |
DPICS – child compliance | 47.05 (14.88) | 53.01 (12.17) | 54.07 (24.98) | p = 0.08 OR = 1.36 | p = 0.31 OR = 1.23 | 46.62 (17.86) | 51.96 (25.59) | 65. 41 (15.59) | p = 0.57 OR = 1.21 | p = 0.27 OR = 1.50 | 49.12 (13,84) | 49.80 (17.16) | P > 0.99 OR = 1.00 | No | No | No | |